Most of us remember getting mouth ulcers as children. They appeared so often that we almost accepted them as normal. Even though they were small, they could be extremely annoying and hurting while eating, drinking, or even talking. Many times, we ignored them unless the pain became unbearable, and our parents would apply a numbing gel from the clinic to reduce the discomfort.

Mouth ulcers may seem minor, but they can significantly affect daily life. The good news is that most mouth ulcers are harmless and heal on their own. Along with medical gels, several natural home remedies can speed up healing and reduce pain effectively. Before discussing these remedies, it’s important to understand what mouth ulcers are and the different types that exist.

What Are Mouth Ulcers?

Mouth ulcers, medically known as aphthous ulcers, are small, painful sores that develop inside the mouth. They commonly appear on the inner lips, tongue, inner cheeks, gums, or the base of the mouth. Unlike cold sores, mouth ulcers are not contagious and do not occur on the outer lips.

They often start as a mild burning or tingling sensation, followed by the appearance of a sore within a day or two.

Types of Mouth Ulcers

Mouth ulcers are classified based on their size, appearance, and seriousness.

1. Minor Ulcers

These are the most common types. They are small, round or oval sores with a white or yellow center and a red border. Minor ulcers usually heal on their own within 7–14 days and do not leave scars. Although uncomfortable, the pain is generally mild to moderate.

2. Major Ulcers

Major ulcers are larger and deeper than minor ones. They often have irregular edges and can be extremely painful. Healing may take several weeks,  and in some cases, they can leave scars. These ulcers can interfere with eating and speaking.

3. Herpetiform Ulcers

Despite the name, these ulcers are not related to herpes^[1]. They appear as clusters of very small sores that may merge to form a larger ulcer. They are less common but can be very painful and may take longer to heal. Proper care and, in some cases, medical treatment are important for this type.

What Causes Mouth Ulcers?

Mouth ulcers can appear suddenly, and their exact cause is not always clear. However, several common triggers are known:

1. Minor Injuries

Accidentally biting the inside of the cheek, brushing teeth too hard, dental braces, sharp teeth, or ill-fitting dentures can damage the mouth lining and lead to ulcers. Burns from very hot food or drinks can also cause painful sores.

2. Stress and Fatigue

Emotional stress, mental exhaustion, and lack of sleep can weaken the immune system, making the mouth more vulnerable to ulcers. Stress may also lead to habits like cheek biting or teeth grinding, which further irritate the mouth.

3. Food choices

Spicy, salty, acidic, or very hot foods can irritate the mouth lining. Citrus fruits, tomatoes, nuts, chocolate, coffee, and processed or sugary foods may worsen ulcers in sensitive individuals.

4. Nutritional Deficiencies

Low levels of iron, vitamin B12, folic acid^[2], or zinc can be the reason behind the occurrence of mouth ulcers. These nutrients are essential for healthy tissue repair, and deficiencies can delay healing.

5. Hormonal Changes

Hormonal changes during menstruation, pregnancy, or menopause may increase the risk of mouth ulcers. These changes can also affect saliva production, making the mouth dry and more prone to irritation.

Natural Home Remedies That Help Heal Mouth Ulcers

Many simple home remedies can relieve pain, reduce inflammation, and promote faster healing.

1. Salt Water Rinse

This is one of the oldest and most effective remedies. Dissolve 1 teaspoon of salt in a glass of warm water and rinse your mouth for about 20-60 seconds, then spit it out. Salt helps reduce swelling, keeps the ulcer clean, and keeps the infection away to happen again. Do it daily to see fast results.

2. Honey

Applying a small amount of raw, unprocessed honey directly to the ulcer can provide quick relief. Honey has natural antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties that reduce pain and speed healing. Apply it several times a day for best results.

3. Coconut Oil

Coconut oil has antimicrobial and soothing properties. Applying a few drops to the ulcer forms a protective layer that reduces irritation from food and drinks while helping fight bacteria.

4. Yogurt with Probiotics

Plain yogurt containing live probiotics helps balance good bacteria in the mouth and supports the immune system. Regular consumption may reduce the frequency of ulcers, especially if they are linked to digestive or immune issues.

5. Aloe Vera

Aloe vera is well known for its calming and healing properties. Applying pure aloe vera gel directly to the ulcer can reduce pain, inflammation, and bacterial growth, helping the sore heal faster.

6. Turmeric Paste

Turmeric is well known for powerful anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial compound. Mix turmeric powder with water or honey to form a paste and apply it to the ulcer. Leave it on for a few minutes before rinsing. This can reduce pain and swelling.

When Should You See a Doctor?

Most mouth ulcers heal on their own, but medical attention is important if:

• The ulcer lasts longer than 2-3 weeks
• The pain is severe and prevents eating or drinking
• Ulcers occur very frequently
• You notice unusually large ulcers or spreading sores
• You have fever, fatigue, or difficulty swallowing

A doctor or dentist may prescribe medicated gels, mouth rinses, or observe other causes related to mouth ulcer occurrence  such as vitamin deficiencies or immune conditions and help in giving you the best treatment required for it.

Final Thoughts

While mouth ulcers can sometimes be harmless or common, they are painful and uncomfortable which can make your mouth activities a challenge. Moreover, taking help of medical treatment is one way to treat serious issues related to mouth ulcers but trying natural home remedies can also provide effective relief and faster healing. Maintaining good oral hygiene, managing stress, eating a balanced diet, and avoiding trigger foods can significantly reduce the chances of recurring ulcer. Listening to your body and treating small problems early can prevent unnecessary discomfort and sometimes the simplest remedies work best.

FAQs

Q1. How to cure mouth ulcers naturally?

Ans. Mouth ulcers can be cured naturally at home by rinsing with salt water for 30-60 seconds, applying turmeric paste, aloe-vera, coconut oil and honey and avoiding spicy, acidic food. Brushing gently can also help in preventing occurrence of mouth ulcers.

Q2. How long do mouth ulcers usually last?

Ans. Most heal in 7-14 days, but bigger or recurring ones can take longer.

Q3. When should I see a doctor?

Ans. If ulcers last over 2 weeks, are unusually large, painful, or keep coming back frequently.

Q4. What causes mouth ulcers?

Ans. Usually stress, minor injuries (biting your cheek), acidic foods, vitamin deficiencies (B12, iron, folate), or hormonal changes. Sometimes, underlying health issues too.

You can also read our in-depth article on how long does it take for a tooth infection to kill you^[3] to learn about serious complications and early warning signals.